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Author: Muhammad Moazzam Hanif
Muhammad Moazzam Hanif
The author is a geopolitical and strategic affairs analyst focusing on South Asian security, international relations, foreign policy, and regional power dynamics. Their work examines how strategic choices by global and regional powers shape security, diplomacy and economic trends across a rapidly changing region. Their analysis focuses on great-power competition, regional conflicts, strategic decision-making, connectivity, energy security and the evolving international order.
How strategic assumptions shaped South Asia Pakistan sits at the crossroads of South Asia, Central Asia, the Middle East, and China. That geography has made it a theater where regional and global powers repeatedly placed bets. Some paid off. Many didn’t. “Missed calculations” here usually mean underestimating local complexity, overestimating leverage, or assuming short term gains wouldn’t create long term costs. Here are the major patterns seen over the last 75 years. The Cold War: Alignment without integration The calculation: The US and USSR both saw Pakistan as a frontline state. For Washington, Pakistan was a partner against communism and…